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Writer: 

Mujika Inigo

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2015
  • Volume: 

    8
Measures: 
  • Views: 

    225
  • Downloads: 

    249
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

PERFORMANCE IN MOST Endurance EVENTS IS DETERMINED BY THE MAXIMAL SUSTAINED POWER PRODUCTION FOR A GIVEN COMPETITION DISTANCE, AND THE ENERGY COST OF MAINTAINING A GIVEN COMPETITION SPEED. IN SHORTER Endurance EVENTS AND DURING ACCELERATIONS AND SPRINT SITUATIONS, ANAEROBIC CAPACITY AND MAXIMAL SPEED MAY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO PERFORMANCE. STRENGTH training COULD THUS CONTRIBUTE TO ENHANCE Endurance PERFORMANCE BY IMPROVING THE ECONOMY OF MOVEMENT, DELAYING FATIGUE, IMPROVING ANAEROBIC CAPACITY AND ENHANCING MAXIMAL SPEED.THE ABOVE IMPROVEMENTS ARE OBSERVED AS A RESULT OF HIGH-INTENSITY STRENGTH AND PLYOMETRIC training IN VARIOUS Endurance SPORTS INCLUDING MALE AND FEMALE CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING, CYCLING, RUNNING, AND TRIATHLON. IN MOST CASES, STRENGTH training HAD NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON DETERMINANTS OF Endurance PERFORMANCE SUCH AS MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE (VO2MAX), AND THE GAINS IN MOVEMENT ECONOMY ARE OFTEN ATTRIBUTED TO MECHANISMS RESIDING WITHIN THE SKELETAL MUSCLES, SUCH AS INCREASED LOWER LEG MUSCULONTENDINOUS STIFFNESS AND/OR IMPROVEMENTS IN RUNNING MECHANICS.REPLACING A PORTION OF Endurance training WITH EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH training CAN CONTRIBUTE TO PERFORMANCE OF TRAINED CYCLISTS AND RUNNERS. IN TERMS OF NEUROMUSCULAR AND ANAEROBIC CHARACTERISTICS, CONCURRENT EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH AND Endurance training CAN RESULT IN IMPROVED MAXIMAL ANAEROBIC SPEED, AND SELECTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDING CONCENTRIC AND ISOMETRIC LEG EXTENSION FORCES IN RUNNERS.A POTENTIAL COUNTERPRODUCTIVE OUTCOME OF STRENGTH training IS THAT MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY COULD HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON WEIGHT-BEARING Endurance EVENTS. ALSO, AN INCREASE IN MYOFIBER CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA COULD REDUCE CAPILLARY TO MUSCLE FIBER CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA RATIO, THUS INCREASING DIFFUSION DISTANCE. IN THIS RESPECT SUPPLEMENTAL STRENGTH training CAN IMPROVE DETERMINANTS OF PERFORMANCE IN Endurance EVENTS BY IMPROVING THE ATHLETES’ STRENGTH AND VERTICAL JUMP ABILITY WITHOUT INCREASING TOTAL BODY MASS OR COMPROMISING THE DEVELOPMENT OF VO2MAX. SUPPLEMENTAL HEAVY STRENGTH training CAN IMPROVE THE STRENGTH IN LEG AND UPPER BODY MUSCLES OF MALE AND FEMALE ELITE CROSS-COUNTRY SKIERS, WITH LITTLE EFFECT ON THE MUSCLE CSA IN THIGH MUSCLES. THE SUPPLEMENTAL STRENGTH training CAN IMPROVE VO2MAX WITH NO CHANGE IN BODY MASS IN Endurance ATHLETES.WITH REGARDS TO MUSCLE CAPILLARISATION AND PERFUSION, THERE IS NO REASON TO FEAR THAT THEY MAY BE COMPROMISED BY STRENGTH training. INDEED, CAPILLARY DENSITY DOES NOT SEEM TO DECREASE WITH STRENGTH training IN UNTRAINED SUBJECTS, AND CONCURRENT STRENGTH AND Endurance training DOES NOT NEGATIVELY AFFECT MUSCLE CAPILLARISATION IN TRAINED CYCLISTS.IN SUMMARY, RECENT RESEARCH ON HIGHLY TRAINED ATHLETES SUGGESTS THAT STRENGTH training CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY PRESCRIBED TO ENHANCE Endurance PERFORMANCE. THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE OBSERVED PERFORMANCE GAINS MAY INCLUDE A CONVERSION OF FAST-TWITCH TYPE IIX FIBERS INTO MORE FATIGUE RESISTANT TYPE IIA FIBERS, INCREASED MUSCLE STRENGTH AND RATE OF FORCE DEVELOPMENT, AND IMPROVED NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION AND MUSCULOTENDINOUS STIFFNESS, WITHOUT A CHANGE IN MUSCLE CAPILLARIZATION.

Yearly Impact:   مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2022
  • Volume: 

    19
  • Issue: 

    17
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    40
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 40

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    280
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    898-907
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    176
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 176

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2022
  • Volume: 

    11
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    72-80
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    45
  • Downloads: 

    29
Abstract: 

Experimental studies show that if the weight loss program is done only through diet and calorie restriction, 35-45% of the total weight loss will be allocated to the reduction of lean tissue, which will also reduce the weight of the heart. However, if the diet is combined with Endurance exercise, the size of the lean tissue will not change much, but body fat will be significantly reduced. Metabolic mechanisms through which exercise reduces or maintains body weight include increased energy expenditure, increased fat recall, increased adipose tissue activity, and a slight increase in resting metabolic rate after exercise. Exercise increases the likelihood of an exothermic response to food if exercise and eating time are close together, minimize net weight loss, expand mental function, delay basal metabolic rate reduction due to nutritional limitations, and probably better control the appetite. Exercise is important because it helps maintain a resting metabolic rate and lean mass. Regular exercise can help control your appetite or lose weight mentally.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 45

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 29 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Journal: 

SPORTS MEDICINE

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2002
  • Volume: 

    32
  • Issue: 

    8
  • Pages: 

    489-509
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    117
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 117

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2018
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    30-32
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    178
  • Downloads: 

    70
Abstract: 

Using treadmill and cycle ergometers are the best methods of Endurance training and choosing best training intensity is very crucial in Endurance exercise training. According to more than one decade of our research experiences, it is possible to determine optimum personal training intensity based on estimation of person's anaerobic threshold. A hardware and software has been developed to monitor the heart rate and control the treadmill speed and slope. Software provided utilities to record the individual information (e. g. name, age, gender, weight and maximum and resting heart rate) and graphical curves of treadmill (speed, slope, work, power) and real-time heart rate. In this method, heart rate was used to draw the heart rate-time curve during an exhaustive graded maximal intensity exercise to find the best treadmill speed and slope in his/her anaerobic threshold. In this study, ten male athletes (19. 3± 1. 7 years; 88. 50± 4. 43 kg; 182. 0± 3. 7 cm) recruited. Validity and reliability of this method have been evaluated by gas analysis every 5 seconds to determine anaerobic threshold and compare it with the Heart Rate Deflection Point (HRDP) calculated by the software on a standard Treadmill protocol during two sessions with one week rest. Bland-Altman and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) was used to find any agreement between the two methods and Test-Retest was used to prove the reliability of the method. There was a very high agreement between two methods (± 1. 96; 95% CI =-16. 5 to +37. 5 b/min) and calculate anaerobic threshold had a positive and significant correlation (r=0. 932; p<0. 001). Feasibility of design a hardware and software and validity and reliability of estimated individual anaerobic threshold ascertained. It is a reasonably low price hardware and software recommendable to implement in future treadmill manufacturing.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 178

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 70 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2017
  • Volume: 

    1
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    30-32
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    625
  • Downloads: 

    97
Abstract: 

Using treadmill and cycle ergometers are the best methods of Endurance training and choosing besttraining intensity is very crucial in Endurance exercise training. According to more than one decade of ourresearch experiences, it is possible to determine optimum personal training intensity based on estimationof person's anaerobic threshold. A hardware and software has been developed to monitor the heart rateand control the treadmill speed and slope. Software provided utilities to record the individual information(e.g. name, age, gender, weight and maximum and resting heart rate) and graphical curves of treadmill(speed, slope, work, power) and real-time heart rate. In this method, heart rate was used to draw the heartrate-time curve during an exhaustive graded maximal intensity exercise to find the best treadmill speedand slope in his/her anaerobic threshold. In this study, ten male athletes (19.3±1.7 years; 88.50±4.43 kg;182.0±3.7 cm) recruited. Validity and reliability of this method have been evaluated by gas analysis every5 seconds to determine anaerobic threshold and compare it with the Heart Rate Deflection Point (HRDP)calculated by the software on a standard Treadmill protocol during two sessions with one week rest.Bland-Altman and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) was used to find any agreement between thetwo methods and Test-Retest was used to prove the reliability of the method. There was a very highagreement between two methods (±1.96; 95% CI = -16.5 to +37.5 b/min) and calculate anaerobicthreshold had a positive and significant correlation (r=0.932; p<0.001). Feasibility of design a hardwareand software and validity and reliability of estimated individual anaerobic threshold ascertained. It is areasonably low price hardware and software recommendable to implement in future treadmillmanufacturing.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 625

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 97 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Author(s): 

FRY R.W.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1992
  • Volume: 

    64
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    335-344
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    99
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 99

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 1 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Journal: 

SPORTS MEDICINE

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1999
  • Volume: 

    28
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    413-427
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    138
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 138

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Author(s): 

HAKKINEN K. | ALEN M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2003
  • Volume: 

    89
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    42-52
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    132
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 132

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 1 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
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